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Heat Pump referring to absorbing low temperature heat and raising it to high temperature is the mechanical device designed to convey the heat from the higher level to lower level or vice versa, while pump functions to transport the fluid. It’s the energy-conserving heat supply system that uses the hot water generated from the condenser by heat pump for heating or hot water-making and uses cool air from the condenser for cooling system, which generates much more energy than the energy consumed for operation.
When cool refrigerant in liquid state flows into the evaporator at low pressure condition, it’s evaporated from the liquid to gas.
The refrigerant is evaporated to gas after cooling down through the conveying the heat of surrounding air or water.
The pressure and temperature of the gas evaporated after being compressed by the compressor goes up. The gas in high pressure and temperature
The gas in high pressure and temperature conveys the heat to surrounding air and water and then becomes condensed to the refrigerant at low temperature within the condenser. Then the refrigerant of this liquid.
Then the refrigerant of this liquid flows to expansion valve from the condenser.
Heat Pump was developed based on principle that the heat transfer is made from one substance to another. The compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve of the freezing system are same as those of air conditioner (A/C) but it may be able to convert to cooling cycle that also provides heating function by converting the functions of two heat exchangers, in addition to cooling function.
Figure indicates the heat transfer from air to water and vice versa and it’s the cooling mode. As aforementioned, a high pressure refrigerant gas compressed in the compressor moves to heat exchanger of the refrigerant and water to function the same as the condenser in cooling mode, and the heat is evaporated to become the low temperature water, while the refrigerant condensed turns into the liquid.
Such liquid refrigerant flows into the expansion valve and the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant is reduced and the refrigerant becomes evaporated and in the heat exchanger of the refrigerant and air provides evaporator function in cooling mode. The refrigerant in this heat exchanger absorbs the heat from ht air and the refrigerant becomes evaporated. Refrigerant evaporated returns to the compressor for compression process. That is, pressure and temperature rise repeatedly.
Heat pump is equipped with transfer valve that converts the function in heating mode. As indicated in figure, the refrigerant in high temperature and high pressure is compressed in compressor and moves to heat exchanger of refrigerant and air by transfer valve. The heat exchanger of refrigerant and air in heating mode serves the condenser and the heat moves to low temperature air from the refrigerant of the air. The air is heated and the refrigerant is condensed to liquid.
The refrigerant of the liquid moves to the heat exchanger of refrigerant and water through expansion valve, and then heat exchanger serves the evaporator in heating mode and in heat exchanger of refrigerant and water, the refrigerant absorbs the heat from the relatively high temperature water to become evaporated. And the cycle returning to the compressor through transfer valve repeats.
The transfer valve provides cooling and heating functions in Heat Pump.
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